How to Plan a Mountain Bike Trail or Pumptrack: Step-by-Step Guide Based on HOAI

Welcome to our blog! In this series, we provide expert insights into the planning and construction of mountain bike trailsand pumptracks. Whether you're a municipality, a sports club, or a private investor, understanding how these projects are professionally planned is key to success.

In this post, we’ll guide you through the step-by-step planning process of a mountain bike trail or pumptrack according to the German Fee Structure for Architects and Engineers (HOAI).

Why Proper Planning Is Essential for Mountain Bike Trails and Pumptracks

Designing a mountain bike trail or pumptrack is more than just shaping terrain. It’s a technical and structured process that includes user analysis, site evaluation, environmental concerns, and safety requirements. When planned correctly, these facilities become durable, safe, and enjoyable spaces for all riders.

1. Needs Assessment & Concept Development

The planning process begins with a needs assessment. We work closely with clients, municipalities, and user groups to define the project’s goals:

• What sports will be practiced on the facility?

• Who is the target audience (e.g. kids, teens, advanced riders)?

• What size and layout is needed?

• What difficulty levels are desired?

• What type of construction is preferred (asphalt pumptrack vs. dirt pumptrack)?

For pumptracks, it's crucial to design a track that enables riders to maintain speed without pedaling—using body movements alone. These flow-based tracks require precise geometry to function properly.

2. Site Analysis & Soil Testing

Next, we conduct a site analysis to assess terrain conditions, elevation, soil quality, and natural features. This step is especially important for mountain bike trails, where the existing landscape becomes part of the riding experience.

Key elements include:

• Topography mapping

• Integration of natural elements

• Soil bearing capacity testing

This analysis influences the layout of trail features, such as berms, jumps, and rollers.

3. Design & Layout of the Track

After data collection, we begin the conceptual and visual design:

• Pumptracks are usually looped circuits with continuous waves and berms.

• Mountain bike trails vary in terrain and may include flow sections, technical climbs, and natural obstacles.

We classify the trail difficulty (e.g., blue = beginner, red = intermediate) based on international and local standards and integrate:

• Trail gradient specifications

• Technical features (jumps, drops, switchbacks)

• 3D and CAD modeling for accurate previews

  
  

4. Technical Planning & Construction Details

This phase includes detailed engineering of:

• Dimensions and transitions (for pumptracks)

• Material selection (asphalt, compacted dirt, gravel)

• Safety features and drainage systems

For mountain bike trails, we optimize flow and ensure a balance between technical challenges and rideability, all while respecting the natural terrain.

5. Permits & Legal Requirements

Before construction begins, all necessary permits must be obtained. These include:

• Construction approvals

• Environmental and nature protection clearances

• Safety compliance documents

This step ensures full alignment with HOAI regulations and local building codes.

6. Construction Phase: From Blueprint to Reality

With the technical plans finalized, construction begins:

• Pumptracks require exact height and slope measurements for a smooth riding surface, along with precision asphalt work or dirt shaping.

• Mountain bike trails need adaptive construction—sometimes including bridges, erosion control features, or the selective removal of obstacles.

Throughout, we focus on:

• Sustainable trail building practices

• Long-lasting surfaces and materials

• Minimal environmental impact

  
  

HOAI-Specific Considerations in Trail Planning

Our trail planning process follows the structured HOAI performance phases:

• Phase 1–2: Concept & preliminary design

• Phase 3–5: Design development & detailed planning

• Phase 6–9: Tendering, construction supervision & final documentation

Key principles we follow:

• Integration of natural terrain (especially for MTB trails)

• Erosion control and environmental protection

• Rider safety through thoughtful design and material choices

  
  

Conclusion: Professional Planning for Pumptracks & Mountain Bike Trails

Designing and building a pumptrack or mountain bike trail is a highly specialized task that requires technical know-how, environmental awareness, and a deep understanding of rider needs.

From the first sketch to the final build, we provide HOAI-compliant, tailored planning that ensures your project is functional, durable, and exciting to ride.

💬 Need help with your trail project? Get in touch with our team for expert advice and custom planning solutions based on HOAI. Whether it's a community pumptrack or an advanced MTB trail system — we’re here to bring your vision to life.